As a word, the most common meaning of chemical is a solid substance that is created or utilised in a chemical reaction (chemical reaction) between various elements. The word is sometimes defined even more extensively as “any number of closely packed together atoms or molecules”. A bond is created when two bonded atoms share electrons and create a molecule. A molecule can contain multiple types of atoms and multiple bonding processes can occur.
In chemistry, there are 7 different classes of chemical substances. A class is simply a specific type of chemical substance. Each substance belongs to a particular class because of the chemical reactions which form the atoms of that particular class. A group of substances may be grouped together by a common cause (such as the function of oxygen in breathing) or a universal cause (such as the purpose of water in our bodies).
The study of chemistry is divided into three categories of chemical reactions: chemical reactants, chemical agents and chemical end products. Reactions are also known as covalent, dipolar, polar or non-polar. A chemical reactant is any material which forms a chemical reaction when added. A chemical agent is any atom which is part of a chemical reaction. A chemical end product is any substance which is obtained in a reaction other than a chemical reaction.
New chemical compounds are continually being discovered and developed. This is part of the way that science and industry continues to progress. Many chemicals have been manufactured through laboratory research and development. Other chemicals have been discovered through weathering, extraction and manufacturing. Chemical identification is one of the primary ways that new chemicals are identified.
Chemical identification is achieved through identification of certain physical characteristics of the organic molecules which make up a substance. Common elements or compounds which have been discovered by chemical reactions include salt, sand, rock, coal, hydrogen, air, and many others. Other physical aspects of a chemical substance may be indentation or permeability, density, cleavage, conformation, electrical charge, bonding, homogeneity, solubility, thermo-physical properties, rate of reaction, pH value, and many others. These aspects can be considered desirable for specific applications, but they are still only one component of a complete chemical reaction which includes structure, functionality, and reactant chemistry.
Structures, as everything around us, are made up of constituents. These constituents can be made of elementary or complex structures. Every substance is made up of atoms and molecules and they possess a definite number of proton, electron, nucleus, and neutrons (which make up their atomic nuclei). Neutrons can only exist in pairs, while an atom must possess at least one electron to be considered a functional substance. The chemical bonds between these particles are what keep everything around in a living environment.
The chemical components found in a particular substance can be separated into different sets of elements depending on their chemical properties. When we talk about pure water, we are referring to that substance which has no salts, sugars, or carbonates attached to it. This is not the same for all pure water however. Pure water is often paired with other elements such as sodium, magnesium, or potassium. One type of salt is shown below, and each salt’s meaning will be explained later.
One of the most fundamental properties of a substance is its chemical reaction with other substances. A substance can undergo multiple chemical reactions without being changed in any way. These chemical reactions occur at the single atomic level where everything is coordinated in one way or another. Water is a prime example of a substance that undergoes multiple chemical reactions and changes its composition. However, a change in this substance’s composition may not always have a negative effect. For instance, when salt dissolves in water, only the molecules of salt are affected, and the rest of the water molecule remains unaltered.